версия для печатиТерапевтический поворот на пути российской молодежи:
факторы обращения за психотерапевтической помощью
Лукина А. А.
младший научный сотрудник, Центр развития навыков и профессионального образования, Институт образования, НИУ «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия. aalukina@hse.ru
Бочкор А. И.
студентка магистерской программы «Комплексный социальный анализ», Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия a. i.bochkor@yandex.ru
ID статьи на сайте журнала: 10443
Лукина А. А., Бочкор А. И. Терапевтический поворот на пути российской молодежи: факторы обращения за психотерапевтической помощью // Социологические исследования. 2025. № 3. С. 90-104.
DOI 10.31857/S0132162525030089
В статье изучается опыт и сопутствующие факторы обращения современной российской молодежи к институционализированной психологической помощи как следствие и проявление терапевтического поворота в российском контексте. Эмпирической базой исследования выступают данные 11-й волны (2022) лонгитюдного когортного исследования «Траектории в образовании и профессии» (N = 3324). Было выявлено, что молодые люди и девушки в России в целом положительно оценивают потенциал профессиональной психологической помощи, а практика обращения к психотерапевту среди этой возрастной когорты распространена больше, чем среди россиян в целом. Посредством использования бинарного логистического моделирования рассматриваются четыре группы факторов, связанных с обращением молодежи к профессиональной психологической помощи: социально-демографические, психологические, а также социальная поддержка и доверие к институту психотерапии. Исследование вносит вклад в понимание специфики терапевтического поворота в России, позволяя выявить ключевые барьеры и стимулы обращения молодежи за психологической помощью.
Андреева А. С. Взросление в терапевтической культуре: самоконтроль и самопознание как основа новой культурной модели // Журнал исследований социальной политики. 2024. № 22(1). С. 59– 78. [Andreeva A. S. (2024) Growing up in a therapeutic culture: self‑control and self‑knowledge as the basis of a new cultural model. Zhurnal issledovanij social`noj politiki [Journal of Social Policy Research]. No. 22(1): 59–78. (In Russ.)]
Аронсон П. Сложные чувства. Разговорник новой реальности: от абьюза до токсичности. М.: Individuum, 2022. [Aronson P. (2022) Complex feelings. Phrasebook of the new reality: from abuse to toxicity. Moscow: Individuum. (In Russ.)]
Терешина Д. «Быть собой» или «радовать себя»? Терапевтические технологии, эмоции и неравенство в современной России // Журнал исследований социальной политики. 2024. № 22(1). С. 25– 42. [Tereshina D. (2024) “Be yourself” or “please yourself”? Therapeutic technologies, emotions and inequality in modern Russia. Zhurnal issledovanij social`noj politiki [Journal of Social Policy Research]. No. 22(1): 25–42. (In Russ.)]
Чудова И. Консультация психолога: специфика терапевтического дискурса и его восприятие // Журнал исследований социальной политики. 2024. № 22(1). С. 91–102. [Chudova I. (2024) Counseling a psychologist: the specifics of therapeutic discourse and its perception. Zhurnal issledovanij social`noj politiki [Journal of Social Policy Research]. No. 22(1): 91–102. (In Russ.)]
Шаповалов Р. А., Колпачников В. В. Проблема отношения мужчин к психологической помощи // Мир психологии. 2019. № 97. С. 152–164. [Shapovalov R. A., Kolpachnikov V. V. (2019) The problem of men’s attitude to psychological help. Mir psixologii [The world of psychology]. No. 97: 152–164. (In Russ.)]
Batterham P. J., Kazan D., Banfield M., Brown, K. (2019) Differences in mental health service use between urban and rural areas of Australia. Australian Psychologist. No. 55(4): 327–335.
Braithwaite S. R., Delevi R., Fincham F. D. (2010) Romantic relationships and the physical and mental health of college students. Personal Relationships. No. 17(1): 1–12.
Chandrasekara W. S. (2016) Help Seeking Attitudes and Willingness to Seek Psychological Help: Application of the Theory of Planed Behavior. International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics. No. 3(4): 233–245.
Corrigan P. (2004) How Stigma Interferes with Mental Health Care. American Psychologist. No. 59(7): 614–625.
Furedi F. (2004) Therapy Culture: Cultivating Vulnerability in an Uncertain Age. London: Routledge.
Giddens A. (1991) Modernity and Self- Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Oxford, UK: Polity Press.
Gould M. S., Velting D., Kleinman M., et al. (2004) Teenagers’ attitudes about coping strategies and helpseeking behaviour for suicidality. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. No. 43: 1124–1133.
Gulliver A., Griffiths K. M., Christensen, H. (2010) Perceived barriers and facilitators to mental health helpseeking in young people: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. No. 10 (1): 1–9.
Hampel A. (2021) Shameless modernity: Reflexivity and social class in Chinese personal growth groups. HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory. Vol. 11. No. 3: 928–941.
Husain W. (2020) Barriers in Seeking Psychological Help: Public Perception in Pakistan. Community Ment Health. No. 56: 75–78.
Illouz E. (2007) Cold intimacies: The making of emotional capitalism. Polity Press.
Ishii‑ Kuntz M., Seccombe K. (1989) The impact of children upon social support networks throughout the life course. Journal of Marriage and the Family. No. 51: 777–790.
Ishikawa A., Rickwood D., Bariola E., et al. (2023) Autonomy versus support: self‑reliance and help‑seeking for mental health problems in young people. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. No. 58: 489–499.
Jackson H. J., Judd F. K., Komiti A., Fraser C., Murray G., Robins G., Pattison P., Wearing, A.J. (2007) Mental health problems in rural contexts: What are the barriers to seeking help from professional providers? Australian Psychologist. No. 42: 147–160.
Jennings D. E., Zeithaml C. P. (1983) Locus of Control: A Review and Directions for Entrepreneurial Research. Academy of Management Proceedings. No. 1: 417–421.
Jones A. K., Lecchi T. (2024) ‘It overshadowed everything’: Understanding working‑ class clients’ experiences of social class differences within the therapeutic relationship. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research: 1–11.
Kessler R. C., Avenevoli S., Costello E. J., et al. (2012) Prevalence, persistence, and sociodemographic correlates of DSM–IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement. Archives of General Psychiatry. No. 69(4): 372–380.
Kim H., Mckenry P. C. (2002) The Relationship Between Marriage and Psychological Well‑being. Journal of Family Issues. No. 23: 885–911.
Lynch L., Long M., Moorhead A. (2018) Young Men, Help‑ Seeking, and Mental Health Services: Exploring Barriers and Solutions. American Journal of Men’s Health. No. 12(1):138–149.
Mackenzie C. S., Gekoski W. L., Knox V. J. (2006) Age, Gender, and the Underutilization of Mental Health Services: The influence of help‑seeking attitudes. Aging & Mental Health. No. 10(6): 574–582.
Madsen O. J. (2014) The Therapeutic Turn: How Psychology Altered Western Culture. New York: Routledge.
Matza T. (2014) The Will to What? Class, Time, and Re‑ Willing in Post‑ Soviet Russia. Social Text. Vol. 32. No. 3: 49–67.
Meadows G. N., Enticott J. C., Inder B., Russell G. M., Gurr R. (2015) Better Access to Mental Health Care and the Failure of the Medicare Principle of Universality. The Medical Journal of Australia. No. 202(4): 190–194.
Mehra K., Hawke L. D., Watson P., Sheikhan N. Y., Leroux E., Henderson J. (2021) Youth Perspectives on Seeking Psychotherapy: A Concurrent Mixed Methods Study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. No. 30(3): 165–176.
Nahm F. S. (2022) Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve: Overview and Practical Use for Clinicians. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology. No. 75(1): 25–36.
Picco L., Abdin E., Chong S. A., Pang S., Shafie S., Chua B. Y., Vaingankar J. A., Ong L. P., Tay J., Subramaniam M. (2016) Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help: Factor Structure and Socio‑ Demographic Predictors. Frontiers in Psychology. No. 7: 1–10.
Pugliesi K., Shook S. L. (1998) Gender‚ Ethnicity and Network Characteristics: Variation in Social Support Resources. Sex Roles. No. 38(3/4): 215–238.
Rickwood D., Deane F. P., Wilson C. J., Ciarrochi, J. (2005) Young People’s Help‑Seeking for Mental Health Problems. Australian E-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health. No. 4(3): 218–251.
Rickwood D. J., Deane F. P., Wilson C. J. (2007) When and How Do Young People Seek Professional Help for Mental Health Problems? Medical Journal of Australia. No. 187(7): 35–39.
Rieff P. (1987) The Triumph of the Therapeutic: Uses of Faith after Freud. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Rothi D. M., Leavey G. (2006) Mental Health Help‑ Seeking and Young People: A Review. Pastoral Care in Education. No. 24(3): 4–13.
Sherbourne C. D. (1988) The role of Social Support and Life Stress in Use of Mental Health Services. Social Science & Medicine. No. 27: 1393–1400.
Sheffield J. K., Fiorenza E., Sofronoff K. (2004) Adolescents’ Willingness to Seek Psychological Help: Promoting and Preventing Factors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. No. 33: 495–507.
Silva J. M. (2012) Constructing Adulthood in an Age of Uncertainty. American Sociological Review. No. 77(4): 505–522.
Simoni J. M., Adelman H. S., Nelson P. (1991) Perceived Control, Causality, Expectations and Help‑Seeking Behaviour. Counselling Psychology Quarterly. No. 4(1): 37–44.
Soulsby L. K., Bennett K. M. (2015) Marriage and Psychological Well Being: The Role of Social Support. Psychology. No. 6: 1349–1359.
Sylwestrzak A., Overholt C. E., Ristau K. I., Coker K. L. (2015) Self‑Reported Barriers to Treatment Engagement: Adolescent Perspectives from the National Comorbidity Survey‑ Adolescent Supplement (NCS‑A). Community Mental Health Journal. No. 51(7): 775–781.
Tijhuis M. A., Peters L. J., Foets M. (1990) An Orientation Toward Help‑Seeking for Emotional Problems. Social science & medicine. No. 31(9): 989–995.
Tedstone D, Kartalova‑ O’Doherty Y. (2010) Gender and Self‑Reported Mental Health Problems: Predictors of Help Seeking from a General Practitioner. British Journal of Health Psychology. No. 15: 213–228.
Umberson D. J., Gove W. R. (1989) Parenthood and Psychological Well‑ Being. Journal of Family Issues. No. 10: 440–462.
Whiteford H. A., Degenhardt L., Rehm J., Baxter A. J., Ferrari A. J., Erskine H. E., Johns N. (2013) Global Burden of Disease Attributable to Mental and Substance Use Disorders: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet. No. 382: 1575–1586.
Wilson C. J., Deane F. P., Ciarrochi J. (2005) Can Hopelessness and Adolescents’ Beliefs and Attitudes about Seeking Help Account for Help Negation? Journal of clinical psychology. No. 61(12): 1525–1539.
Yousaf O., Grunfeld E. A., Hunter M. S. (2013) A Systematic Review of the Factors Associated with Delays in Medical and Psychological Help‑Seeking Among Men. Health Psychology Review. No. 9(2): 264–276.