The journal of the International Sociological Association, “Global Dialogue” (https://globaldialogue.isa-sociology.org), continues to introduce readers to the specifics of sociological science in various regions of the modern world, as part of its commitment to dialogue among trends and currents of sociological thought across countries and continents. This course was outlined by the 2023 World Congress of Sociology in Melbourne, which put forward the idea of a global dialogue among centers of contemporary sociological science capable of listening to one another and fostering mutual understanding. Two essays on the history of sociology in India, published in the August 2025 issue (Issue 15.2), are offered to readers of “Sociological Studies.” An introduction to the paths and challenges of developing sociological science in India, Russia’s BRICS partner, is important for understanding the development of social science not only in India but also in Russia, which is also a distinctive civilization and is also seeking the optimal combination of Western ideas and institutions with its own traditions and scientific innovations.