Social Factors of Youth Crime Decline in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Social Factors of Youth Crime Decline in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)


Zhegusov Yu.I.

Cand. Sci. (Sociol.), Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone of SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia. sociolog_ykt@mail.ru

Koryakina Z.I.

Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Prof. M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia. z_koryakina@mail.ru

ID of the Article: 9081


For citation:

Zhegusov Yu.I., Koryakina Z.I. Social Factors of Youth Crime Decline in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2022. No 4. P. 93-104




Abstract

The subject of the study is the trends of youth crime in Yakutia. The goal is to study the social factors contributing to youth crime reduction. The hypothesis of the study suggests that youth crime rate depends on the dynamics of demographic and socio-economic processes, alcohol consumption, compliance with healthy lifestyle, the development of information technology and changes in socio-psychological well-being in society. The following methods were applied: 1) sociological anonymous questionnaire survey “Youth of Yakutia and alcohol consumption” (N = 518, 2010), “Monitoring of consumption of surfactants among studying youth” (N = 3008, 2014–2018) “Alcohol and quality of life in Yakutia” (N = 4709, 2017); 2) statistical – analysis of statistics data of the Territorial Authority of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation. The social factors of reducing youth crime over the past twenty years in the Republic of Sakha are analyzed. Basing on the data of regional statistics and monitoring sociological studies, the authors prove that this decline is associated with both global and regional trends. The authors substantiate the hierarchy of determining factors: the greatest role in reducing youth crime in the region was played by the spread of access to the Internet, the reduction in alcohol consumption. Also, the factors of reducing the share of young people in the demographic structure, the general improvement in the social well-being of the population and the reduction in the unemployment rate had a rather strong influence, and the role of the poverty level dynamics is considered as the smallest.


Keywords
crime; social factors; alcohol consumption; anti-alcohol policy; social well-being; gadgetization; Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

References

Andrienko Yu.V. (2001) In Search of an Explanation of the Rise in Crime in Transition: a Criminometric Approach. Ekonomicheskij zhurnal VShE [HSE Economic Journal]. No. 2: 194–220. (In Russ.)

Antonyan Yu.M., Bradnikov D.A., Goncharova M.V. (2018) Comprehensive Analysis of the State of Crime in the Russian Federation and Calculated Options for its Development: an Analytical Review. Moscow: FGKU “VNII MVD Rossii”. (In Russ.)

Chvanova M.S., Anuryeva M.S., Kiseleva I.A. (2017) Influence of the Internet on the Socialization of Youth. Vestnik TGU [Bulletin of TSU]. No. 5 (169): 23–36. (In Russ.)

Dashkov G.V. (2020) Gaps in the scientific research of juvenile delinquency and youth. Criminological problems of the behavior of minors and youth, ways to solve them. Ed. by O.S. Kapinus. Moscow: Un-t prokuratury RF: 77–82. (In Russ.)

Dijk J., Tseloni A., Farrell G. (2012) The International Crime Drop New: Directions in Research. London; New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Dolgova A.I. (2003) Crime, its Organization and Criminal Society. Moscow: RKA. (In Russ.)

Farrell G., Tilley N., Tseloni A. (2014). Why the Crime Drop? Crime and Justice. No. 43: 421–490.

Goncharova M.V. (2020) Juvenile delinquency in the Russian Federation: a statistical analysis of the state and trends. Criminological problems of the behavior of minors and youth, ways to solve them. Ed. by O.S. Kapinus. Moscow: Un-t prokuratury RF: 67–73. (In Russ.)

Kalabekov I.G. (2020) Crime in figures. Russian reforms in figures and facts. Moscow: 910–945. (In Russ.)

Katkov A.L. (2013) Destructive social epidemics. St. Petersburg: RGKP RNPTS MSPN. (In Russ.)

Kleimenov M.P. (2018) Is Crime Falling in Russia? Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. Seriya “Pravo” [Bulletin of the Omsk University. Series “Law”]. No 1 (54): 157–162. (In Russ.)

Konstantinova N.N. (2007) Orphanhood as a Factor in Juvenile Crime. Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. Seriya “Pravo” [Bulletin of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia]. No 1: 101–106. (In Russ.)

Levitt S.D. (2004) Understanding Why Crime Fell in the1990s: Four Factors that Explain the Decline and Six that Do Not. Journal of Economic Perspectives. Vol. 18. No. 1: 163–190.

Matveeva N.P. (2010) Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Dynamics of Alcoholism and Alcoholic Psychoses among the Indigenous Population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (Ethnocultural, Rehabilitation Aspects). Dissertation abstract … Cand. Sci. (Med.). Tomsk. (In Russ.)

Osipyan N.B. (2010) On the Relevance of Studying the Socio-Psychological Determinants of Group Juvenile Delinquency. Severo-Kavkazskij psihologicheskij vestnik [North Caucasian Psychological Bulletin]. No. 8/2: 47–49. (In Russ.)

Shigolakova T.B. (2016) The Effectiveness of State Youth Policy in the Republic of Khakassia. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya: Sociologiya [Bulletin of the RUDN University. Series: Sociology]. No. 1: 163–174. (In Russ.)

Shtemberg A.S. (2014) Social Stress and Psychological State of the Population of Russia. Part 1. Socio-Political Processes that form Social Stress. Prostranstvo i vremya [Space and time]. No. 1 (15): 187–195. (In Russ.)

Teunaev A.S., Dubova M.E. (2021) A new look at the qualitative and quantitative indicators of juvenile delinquency in Russia. Yuridicheskie issledovaniya [Legal Research]. No. 2: 44–63. (In Russ.)

Tonry M. (2014) Why Crime Rates Are Falling Throughout the Western World. CRIME & JUST. 2014. Vol. 43. No. 1: 1–63 (https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/faculty_articles/511).

Tseloni A., Mailley J., Farrell G., Tilley N. (2010). Exploring the International Decline in Crime Rates. European Journal of Criminology. No. 7: 375–394.

Voronina I.O. (2013) State and Legal Regulation of the Production and Sale of Alcohol in Russia: Historical and Legal Aspect. Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Tyumen State University]. No. 3: 192–198. (In Russ.)

Zakharkina T.N., Isakova I.A. (2019) Gadgetization: Effects of Influence on Social Processes. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N.I. Lobachevskogo. Seriya: Social’nye nauki [Bulletin of the N.I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod University. Series: Social Sciences]. No. 3 (55): 115–121. (In Russ.)

Zernov D.V., Iudin A.A., Ryabinina E.N., Shpilev D.A. (2017) The Level of Crime and Human Security: the Experience of Sociological Analysis. Nizhny Novgorod: NISOTS. (In Russ.)

Zhegusov Yu.I. (2018) Influence of the Social Well-Being of the Population on the Dynamics of Destructive Social Processes in Russia. Kommunikologiya [Communicology]. Vol. 6. No. 4: 15–26. (In Russ.)

Zhegusov Yu.I., Koryakina Z.I., Bessonova O.G. (2020) Ethnic features of alcoholization in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): consumption patterns. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological research]. No. 3: 100–107. (In Russ.)

Content No 4, 2022