In this interview, Professor Sari Hanafi, former President of the International Sociological Association (ISA), addresses the fundamental challenges of the contemporary sociology of knowledge and epistemic inequality. Professor Hanafi reflects on his intellectual biography, shaped by anti-colonial and antiauthoritarian consciousness, and proposes “dialogical sociology” as an antidote to academic polarization and cancel culture. The conversation focuses on the critical revision of the Eurocentric canon, the phenomenon of “symbolic liberalism” on university campuses, and the trap of the “impossible promise” of social sciences in the Global South. Special attention is paid to the prospects of Russian-Arab academic collaboration, the specificities of multiple modernities, and the dynamics of religion beyond Western secular trajectories. The interview is of interest to sociologists, political scientists, Arabists, and international relations scholars.