Founding the Baikal Ecological Movement at Irkutsk And Ulan-Ude: Prehistory, Participants and Goals
Lyapin A.A.
Assoc. Prof., Architectural Design Department, Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia a782lyapin@yandex.ru
Lyapin A.A. Founding the Baikal Ecological Movement at Irkutsk And Ulan-Ude: Prehistory, Participants and Goals. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2018. No 7. P. 61-70
The materials of sociological analysis representing the initial stage of developing a mass social movement devoted to lake Baikal protection are offered in the paper. There is a short description of Baikal Ecological Movement: its a continuous prehistory, a high involvement of population, effectiveness. The methodology of investigation into the Baikal Ecological Movement and the spectrum of the materials used is given consideration to, the materials obtained in the questionaries and interviews with the proponents of Baikal Ecological Movement in 1988-1995 being introduced into academic use. Works by O.N. Yanitskiy are the theoretical foundation of the investigation. Social factors and causes of developing the mass Baikal Ecological Movement of the late 1980th in the period of "Perestroika" have been reviewed. The Baikal Ecological Movement dependence on the processes of the Soviet society development and the environmental policy of the government have been shown. The data on the Baikal Ecological Movement participants and their motivation is presented along with a short chronological review of initial stages of the mass ecological movement in Irkutsk in 1987-1993 and in Ulan-Ude in 1989-1992. Such concepts as Context of Public Movement, Generating Environment, Structure of movement are discussed with regard to the Baikal Movement. Preconditions for developing the Baikal Ecological Movement are found to be present in every type of the social context, namely, cultural, historical, political one, both on the national and local levels. Activation of the Baikal Ecological Movement was noted to happen at times when certain corporate associations wished to achieve greater profits from natural resources of Lake Baikal.
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